Compressor



H. J. BERY.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. n. 1918.

Patented Feb. 17, 1920.

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COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED'MAR. 11. 1918.

1,33 1,233. Patented Feb. 17,1920.

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COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I1, 19l8.

1,331,233, 7 Patented Feb. 17,1920.

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- UNITED s ATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. IBERY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORJOF ONE-HALF To ELLSWORTH s.

BRYANT, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN. r

COMPRESSOR.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, HENRY J. BERY, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and v State of Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Compressor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention'relate's to compressors for air and other fluids, but particularly for ammonia and other poisonous and irritat ing gases, and its object is to provide a device of this character structed at moderate cost, which will run a with a minimum of friction, and which can be prevented from leaking. This invention consists, in combination with a casing, a driving shaftextending into the casing, and having a worm secured to it, a double-crank shaft journaled in the casing and having a worm wheel secured to it between the cranks and meshing with the worm, said casing being formed with working cylinders, above the crank shaft and others below the crank shafts, in aline-' ment with those above, the pistons in alinement being connected into pairs of which the upper piston is the working-piston and the lower the guiding piston,'-a'nd connecting rods extending from the crank shaft to the guiding pistons.

It further consists in forming intake and discharge passages in the casing and in forming the working pistons hollow and ing with ports connecting to the intake passage, and in mounting an intake valve in the upper end of each working piston.

It also consists in mounting a valve casfor the discharge valve between the upper end of each cylinder and the general cylinder head and in" forming passages in the cylinder head connecting said valve casings to the discharge passage in the main compressor casing.

It also consists in forming the casing as an oil reservoir in which the level of the oil shall be .above the crank shaft so that theworm and the guiding pistons shall be constantly submerged so as to reduce friction and also to act as a seal to prevent the gases from escaping around the main driving shaft of the compressor.

It also consists in th details of construc- Specification of Letters Patent.

which may be con-' collar let Y within the tion illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is-a plan of this improved compressor connected to an electric motor. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a central vertical transverse section of the compressor. Fig. etis a section on the line l4 of Fig. 3.

Patented Feb. 17, 1920. f'

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

The compressor may be driven in any desired manner, the drawings showin an electric motor A whose armaturesha t B connects to the main driving shaft 1 of the compressor by means of a coupling 2. The compressor and motor may be mounted on a base 3 provided with a central trough to catch the oil which may drop down from the motor and compressor, this oil being drawn off by removing a plug 6. The compressor casing is formed of two parts .7 and 8 secured together by screws 9. It contains lubricating oil up to the line 10, which oil will be splashed onto all wearing surfaces not submerged therein. The lower part 8 of the casing is formed to receive the inner end of the stufling-box sleeve 11 which is preferably fitted with a Babbitt bearing 12 for the shaft 1. on this sleeve is secured to the part 8 of the casing by means of the screws 13. The inner end of the sleeve is in the form of a collar 14 just beyond, the reduced portion 15 which is provided with oil holes 16, the being formed with a longitudinal groove 17 to permit oil to flow to the holes 16. A nut 19 on the outer end of the sleeve forces the stuffing box and this nut 19 may be locked in place bymeans of a jam,nut 22. The opposite end of the shaft 1 is journaled in a bearing 24 which is sl-idable in the casing, being prevented from turning by a pin 25 extending into one of the 26. Two

grooves -the cap being" secured in position by the screws 28.

A flange 11 gland 20 against the packing 2'1 grooves 26 areprovided so that the bearing can be'turned if it should wear 'is prevented from moving endwise with the worm-wheel 32 on the crank shaft 33, more clearly shown in Flg. 3. 1

The double crank shaft is mounted in bearings 35 fitted in thebosses 36, half of each of which is formed on, each of the two .parts of the casing. Each bearing is prethose of the other.

7 arepressed the bearlng sleeves 44,

vented from turning by a pin 37 extending into one of the grooves 38, two belng provided so that the bearing can be turned when worn. A cap 39 screws onto each bearing. and is held in place by the screws 40 so that the crank shaft and the worm wheel can be accurately positioned. Oil

passages 42 in these bosses insure satisfactory lubrication of the journals of the crank shaft.

The two parts of the casing are accurately formed with two parallel vertical bores, the bores of one part being in alinement with Into the bores of the p and double pistons 4546, connected by yokes 47 are *slidable in the bores of the lower part 8 of the casing and in these sleeves 44. Each lower or guiding piston 46 carries a pin 48 and a connecting rod 49 extends therefrom to a crank pin 50.

The intake pipe 51 for the gas to be compressed connects into a small chamber 52 in the casing while the discharge pipe 54 for the compressed gas connects into the chambcr 55. The pistons 45 are hollow and are formed with ports 56 that constantly connect to the passages 57 leading to the chamber 53so that virtually, the interiors of these pistons 45 are parts of the intake passage. The external diameters of the pistons may be reduced at these ports 56.

A valve seat 59 screws into the upperjend of each piston 45 and carries 2. depending sleeve 60 in which the stem 61 of the valve 62 is slidable. A light spring 63 pressing against the collar 64 secured to'the lower end of the stem 61 normally holds the valve on its seat. Each part 59 and the valve mounted therein can be removed as a unit without disturbing the piston so that the valve can be ground onto its seat without dismantling the compressor.

The case 66 for each discharge valve is formed with a collar 67 resting on the sleeve 44 and on which bears a shoulder 68 formed on the cylinder head 69. The valve 7 0 has a cylindrical extension 71 in whichthe spring 7 3 is mounted and'which normally holds the valve on its seat. 'A transverse pas e 74 connects to the circumferential passage 75, and the case 66 is formed with ports 76 while the valve has ports 77 and 78, A small collar 79 fits between the upper end of the easing and the cylinder head and connects the passages 74 to the chamber 55.

The thin packing rings at the upper and lower sides of the collars 67 on the valve cases 66 and similar rings on the collar 79 seal all possible passages through which the gases may escape from the casing. These collars and the seats engaged thereby may be so accurately machined that no packing strips are necessary, butsuch great accurac is unnecessary and thin packing is preferred.

The bolts 80 which hold down the cylinder head exert their entire stresses directly on these three small collars so that perfect seal is easily obtained.

The 'p1pes'51 and 54 connect directly to i the solid'metal of the compressor casing; proper provisions are made for packing the joints between'the collars 67 and 79 and the casing and cylinder head; proper provisions are made for packing between the caps 27 and 33 and the casing; and the only movable part projecting from the compressor is the shaft 1 which extends through an unusually lon stuffing box in the sleeve 11. But this shaft is far below the line 10 of the level of the lubricant and any pressure of gas which may accumulate above this lubricant will at most result in only a slight leakage of oil around the shaft 1 at the end of the gland 20. The lubricant will of course be one which is. not adversely affected by the gas being compressed.

Aplug 82 is provided to permit replenishing the lubricant, a second plu 83 for draining the crank case, and a thlrd plug 84 for relieving the pressure in the discharge passage. Each is provided with a shoulder to receive a packing ring 85, transverse assages 86 and a longitudinal passage 87. he inner end of the plug is slightly tapering or free from the wall,.so that when the plu is screwed back from its seat, the fluid may ow around the inner end of' the plug and through the passages '86 and 87 to relieve the. pressure within the casing without removlng the plug.

I claim:

1. Ina compressor the combination of an oil tight casing and oil therein, a main shaft,

and a crank shaft mounted therein below the level of the oil, means for connecting said shafts, a pair of longitudinally adjustable bearings for the crank shaft, a longitudinallyadjustable bearing for one end of the main shaft, and means for preventing the .ing, longitudinally adjustable bearings for the crank shaft and main shaft, a worm on meshing with the worm the main shaft wheel, said crank shaft bearings being suboil, a pair of commerged'in lubricating pressor cylinders and pistons above the crank shaft, means connecting the pistons to the crank shaft, and means to prevent the escape of lubricant around the main shaft.

3. In acompressor, the combination of a casing, a crank shaft mounted therein and having a pair of cranks, a worm wheel secured to the crank shaft, a main shaft mounted below thecrank shaft and extending from-the casing, a pair of longitudinally adjustable bearings for'the crank shaft; a wormon the main shaft meshing with the worm wheel, said crank shaft bearings being submerged in lubricating oil, a plurality of compressor cylinders and pistons above the crank shaft, a plurality of guiding cylinders and pistons below the crank shaft, means to connect the pistons into pairs, and means connecting the guiding pistons to the crank shaft. 4. In a compressor, the combination of a casing, a crank shaft mounted therein, bosses formed on the side of the casing, bearings provided for the crank shaft in the casingand formed with external'threads on their outer ends, and caps for the bosses formed with internal threads to engage the threads on the bearings to position them and the crank shaft.

5. In a compressor, the combination of a casing, a crank shaft mounted therein and having a pair of cranks, a worm wheel secured to-the crank shaft, a main shaft mounted 'below the crank shaft and extending from the casing, b'osses formed on the sides of the casing, bosses and formed with external threads on their outer ends, caps for the bosses formed with internal threads to engage the threads on the bearings to position them and the crank shaft, a worm on the main shaft meshing with the Worm wheel, said crank shaft bearings'being submerged in lubricating oil,

a plurality of compressor pistons and cylinders above the crank shaft, a plurality of guiding cylinders and pistons below the crank shaft, means to connect the pistons into pairs, and means connecting the guiding pistons to the crank shaft.

In a compressor, the combination of a I casing, a crank shaft revolubly' mounted therein and provided with a pair of cranks, bosses formed on the sides of the casings, bearings, slidable in the bosses and formed outer ends, caps for the bosses formed with Y internal threads to engage the threads on the 'bearings to position them and the crank shaft, a worm wheel secured. to the crank shaft between the cranks, a main shaft journaled within the casing below the crank shaft, a

ing the pistons to bearings provided in the worm secured to'the main shaft, said crank shaft and main shaft being submerged in oil, a pair of working cylinders and pistons above the crank shaft, and means connectthe crank shaft.

In a compressor, the combination of a casing formed with intake and discharge passages, a working cylinder having a port connecting ,to the intake passage, a hollow piston therein having a port connecting to the intake port in the cylinder, a suction valve mounted in the outer end of the piston, a head for the cylinder, a valve casing mounted between the cylinder and cylinder head, a spring held discharge valve in said casing, said head being formed with a transverse passage connecting to said discharge valve casing, and a hollow connection between said transverse passage and the discharge passage in the casing.

In a compressor, the combination of a casing, a crank shaft mounted therein and having a ,pair of cranks, a worm wheel secured to the crank shaft, a main shaft below the crank shaft and extending from the casing, longitudinally adjustable bearings for the crank shaft, a worm on the main shaft meshing with the worm Wheel, said crank shaft bearings being submerged in lubricating oil, a pair of compressor pistons and cylinders above the crank shaft, means connecting the piston to the crank shaft, a stufi'ing box sleeve around the main shaft and connected to the casing and having a bearing for the main shaft extending into' the casing, a second bearing mounted within the casing for the inner end of the shaft, and thrust bearings between the worm and the bearings for the main shaft.

9. In a compressor, the combination of a casing, a crank shaft mounted therein and having a pair of cranks, a worm wheel secured to the crank shaft, a main shaft below the crank shaft extending from the casing, longitudinally adjustable bearings for the crank shaft, a worm on the main shaft meshing with the worm wheel, said crank shaft bearings being submerged in lubricating oil, a pair of compressor cylinders and pistons above the crank shaft, means connecting the pistons to the crank shaft, a stuffing box sleeve connected to the casing around the main shaft having a bearing for the shaft extending into the casing, a second bearing mounted within the casing for the inner end of the main shaft. thrust bearings between the worm and the bearings for the main shaft, and means for the longitudinal adjustment of the second bearing for the main shaft. 5

10. In 'a compressor, the combination of a. casing having intake and discharge passages and a pair of working cylinders formed in the casing, a working piston in each cylinder, intake valves, a cylinder head formed with passages and recesses in alinethe cylinders and said head, and a flanged collar to seal the joint between the head and the casing'at the discharge passage.

11. In a compressor, the combination of a,

casing formed with a working cylinder, 2, head for the cylinder spaced therefrom and formed With a discharge passage, a discharge valve casing fitting within the cylinder and having a flange between the cylinder and cylinder head and forming a connection between the head and cylinder, and a discharge valve in said passage.

HENRY J. BEBY. 

